diff --git a/Semesterprojekt/src/main/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/io/text/Hud.java b/Semesterprojekt/src/main/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/io/text/Hud.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f4a1e7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semesterprojekt/src/main/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/io/text/Hud.java
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+package thb.jeanluc.adventure.io.text;
+
+/** Status snapshot for the HUD region. */
+public record Hud(String location, int gold, int turn, boolean lightOn) {}
diff --git a/Semesterprojekt/src/main/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/io/text/Renderings.java b/Semesterprojekt/src/main/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/io/text/Renderings.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9baf1aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semesterprojekt/src/main/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/io/text/Renderings.java
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+package thb.jeanluc.adventure.io.text;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+/** Default, layout-free rendering of high-level views into {@link StyledText}. */
+public final class Renderings {
+
+    private Renderings() {
+    }
+
+    /** Generic room rendering used by non-overriding {@code GameIO}s (e.g. tests). */
+    public static StyledText roomToStyledText(RoomView r) {
+        StyledText.Builder b = StyledText.builder();
+        b.heading(r.name()).plain("\n");
+        b.plain(r.description().stripTrailing());
+        if (!r.items().isEmpty()) {
+            b.plain("\nYou see: ");
+            appendList(b, r.items(), Style.ITEM);
+            b.plain(".");
+        }
+        if (!r.npcs().isEmpty()) {
+            b.plain("\nHere is: ");
+            appendList(b, r.npcs(), Style.NPC);
+            b.plain(".");
+        }
+        if (r.exits().isEmpty()) {
+            b.plain("\nThere are no obvious exits.");
+        } else {
+            b.plain("\nExits: ");
+            appendList(b, r.exits(), Style.EXIT);
+            b.plain(".");
+        }
+        return b.build();
+    }
+
+    private static void appendList(StyledText.Builder b, List<String> xs, Style st) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < xs.size(); i++) {
+            if (i > 0) {
+                b.plain(", ");
+            }
+            switch (st) {
+                case ITEM -> b.item(xs.get(i));
+                case NPC -> b.npc(xs.get(i));
+                case EXIT -> b.exit(xs.get(i));
+                default -> b.plain(xs.get(i));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Semesterprojekt/src/main/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/io/text/RoomView.java b/Semesterprojekt/src/main/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/io/text/RoomView.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b77854
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semesterprojekt/src/main/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/io/text/RoomView.java
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+package thb.jeanluc.adventure.io.text;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+/** Semantic snapshot of a room for rendering. Display-ready strings, no layout. */
+public record RoomView(String name, String description,
+                       List<String> items, List<String> npcs, List<String> exits) {
+    public RoomView {
+        items = List.copyOf(items);
+        npcs = List.copyOf(npcs);
+        exits = List.copyOf(exits);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Semesterprojekt/src/test/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/io/text/RenderingsTest.java b/Semesterprojekt/src/test/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/io/text/RenderingsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d13fab1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semesterprojekt/src/test/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/io/text/RenderingsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package thb.jeanluc.adventure.io.text;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import java.util.List;
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
+class RenderingsTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void roomToStyledText_includesNameDescriptionItemsNpcsExits() {
+        RoomView room = new RoomView("Kitchen", "A cold kitchen.",
+                List.of("Lamp", "Letter"), List.of("Old Man"), List.of("north", "east"));
+
+        String text = Renderings.roomToStyledText(room).plainText();
+
+        assertThat(text).contains("Kitchen");
+        assertThat(text).contains("A cold kitchen.");
+        assertThat(text).contains("Lamp").contains("Letter");
+        assertThat(text).contains("Old Man");
+        assertThat(text).contains("north").contains("east");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void roomToStyledText_noExits_saysNoObviousExits() {
+        RoomView room = new RoomView("Void", "Nothing.", List.of(), List.of(), List.of());
+        assertThat(Renderings.roomToStyledText(room).plainText())
+                .contains("no obvious exits");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void roomToStyledText_tagsItemSpansWithItemStyle() {
+        RoomView room = new RoomView("Kitchen", "desc",
+                List.of("Lamp"), List.of(), List.of("north"));
+        boolean hasItemSpan = Renderings.roomToStyledText(room).spans().stream()
+                .anyMatch(s -> s.style() == Style.ITEM && s.text().equals("Lamp"));
+        assertThat(hasItemSpan).isTrue();
+    }
+}