diff --git a/Semesterprojekt/src/main/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/loader/dto/ConditionDto.java b/Semesterprojekt/src/main/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/loader/dto/ConditionDto.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b68550f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semesterprojekt/src/main/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/loader/dto/ConditionDto.java
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package thb.jeanluc.adventure.loader.dto;
+
+import thb.jeanluc.adventure.loader.WorldLoadException;
+import thb.jeanluc.adventure.model.Condition;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/** YAML condition: exactly one of the fields is set. */
+public record ConditionDto(String flag, String notFlag, String hasItem) {
+
+    public Condition toModel() {
+        if (flag != null) {
+            return new Condition(Condition.Type.FLAG, flag);
+        }
+        if (notFlag != null) {
+            return new Condition(Condition.Type.NOT_FLAG, notFlag);
+        }
+        if (hasItem != null) {
+            return new Condition(Condition.Type.HAS_ITEM, hasItem);
+        }
+        throw new WorldLoadException("Condition must set one of flag/notFlag/hasItem");
+    }
+
+    public static List<Condition> toModelList(List<ConditionDto> dtos) {
+        List<Condition> out = new ArrayList<>();
+        if (dtos != null) {
+            for (ConditionDto d : dtos) {
+                out.add(d.toModel());
+            }
+        }
+        return out;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Semesterprojekt/src/main/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/loader/dto/EffectDto.java b/Semesterprojekt/src/main/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/loader/dto/EffectDto.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad57aba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semesterprojekt/src/main/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/loader/dto/EffectDto.java
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+package thb.jeanluc.adventure.loader.dto;
+
+import thb.jeanluc.adventure.loader.WorldLoadException;
+import thb.jeanluc.adventure.model.Effect;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/** YAML effect: exactly one of the fields is set. */
+public record EffectDto(String setFlag, String clearFlag, String giveItem, String removeItem, String say) {
+
+    public Effect toModel() {
+        if (setFlag != null) {
+            return new Effect(Effect.Type.SET_FLAG, setFlag);
+        }
+        if (clearFlag != null) {
+            return new Effect(Effect.Type.CLEAR_FLAG, clearFlag);
+        }
+        if (giveItem != null) {
+            return new Effect(Effect.Type.GIVE_ITEM, giveItem);
+        }
+        if (removeItem != null) {
+            return new Effect(Effect.Type.REMOVE_ITEM, removeItem);
+        }
+        if (say != null) {
+            return new Effect(Effect.Type.SAY, say);
+        }
+        throw new WorldLoadException("Effect must set one of setFlag/clearFlag/giveItem/removeItem/say");
+    }
+
+    public static List<Effect> toModelList(List<EffectDto> dtos) {
+        List<Effect> out = new ArrayList<>();
+        if (dtos != null) {
+            for (EffectDto d : dtos) {
+                out.add(d.toModel());
+            }
+        }
+        return out;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Semesterprojekt/src/test/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/loader/dto/ConditionEffectDtoTest.java b/Semesterprojekt/src/test/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/loader/dto/ConditionEffectDtoTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2a81cae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semesterprojekt/src/test/java/thb/jeanluc/adventure/loader/dto/ConditionEffectDtoTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+package thb.jeanluc.adventure.loader.dto;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import thb.jeanluc.adventure.loader.WorldLoadException;
+import thb.jeanluc.adventure.model.Condition;
+import thb.jeanluc.adventure.model.Effect;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatThrownBy;
+
+class ConditionEffectDtoTest {
+    @Test
+    void conditionToModel() {
+        assertThat(new ConditionDto("power_on", null, null).toModel())
+                .isEqualTo(new Condition(Condition.Type.FLAG, "power_on"));
+        assertThat(new ConditionDto(null, "x", null).toModel().type())
+                .isEqualTo(Condition.Type.NOT_FLAG);
+        assertThat(new ConditionDto(null, null, "lamp").toModel().type())
+                .isEqualTo(Condition.Type.HAS_ITEM);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void emptyConditionThrows() {
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> new ConditionDto(null, null, null).toModel())
+                .isInstanceOf(WorldLoadException.class);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void effectToModel() {
+        assertThat(new EffectDto("p", null, null, null, null).toModel())
+                .isEqualTo(new Effect(Effect.Type.SET_FLAG, "p"));
+        assertThat(new EffectDto(null, null, "key", null, null).toModel().type())
+                .isEqualTo(Effect.Type.GIVE_ITEM);
+        assertThat(new EffectDto(null, null, null, null, "boo").toModel().type())
+                .isEqualTo(Effect.Type.SAY);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void emptyEffectThrows() {
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> new EffectDto(null, null, null, null, null).toModel())
+                .isInstanceOf(WorldLoadException.class);
+    }
+}