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+# Phase 1: Foundation and Collection - Research
+
+**Researched:** 2026-03-14
+**Domain:** Full-stack web app scaffolding, SQLite CRUD, React SPA with collection management
+**Confidence:** HIGH
+
+## Summary
+
+Phase 1 is a greenfield build establishing the entire project stack: Bun runtime with Hono API server, React 19 SPA via Vite with TanStack Router, Drizzle ORM over bun:sqlite, and Tailwind v4 styling. The phase delivers complete gear collection CRUD (items and categories) with aggregate weight/cost totals, a slide-out panel for add/edit, a card grid grouped by category, and a first-run onboarding wizard.
+
+The critical architectural decision is using **Vite as the frontend dev server** (required by TanStack Router's file-based routing plugin) with **Hono on Bun as the backend**, connected via Vite's dev proxy. This is NOT Bun's native fullstack HTML entrypoint pattern -- TanStack Router requires the Vite plugin, which means Vite owns the frontend build pipeline. In production, Hono serves the Vite-built static assets alongside API routes from a single Bun process.
+
+A key blocker from STATE.md has been resolved: `@hono/zod-validator` now supports Zod 4 (merged May 2025, PR #1173). The project can use Zod 4.x without pinning to 3.x.
+
+**Primary recommendation:** Scaffold with Vite + TanStack Router for frontend, Hono + Drizzle on Bun for backend, with categories as a first-class table (not just a text field on items) to support emoji icons, rename, and delete-with-reassignment.
+
+
+
+## User Constraints (from CONTEXT.md)
+
+### Locked Decisions
+- Card grid layout, grouped by category headers
+- Each card shows: item name (prominent), then tag-style chips for weight, price, and category
+- Item image displayed on the card for visual identification
+- Items grouped under category headers with per-category weight/cost subtotals
+- Global sticky totals bar at the top showing total items, weight, and cost
+- Empty categories are hidden from the collection view
+- Slide-out panel from the right side for both adding and editing items
+- Same panel component for add (empty) and edit (pre-filled)
+- Collection remains visible behind the panel for context
+- Confirmation dialog before deleting items
+- Single-level categories only (no subcategories)
+- Searchable category picker in the item form -- type to find existing or create new
+- Categories editable from the collection overview (rename, delete, change icon)
+- Each category gets an emoji/icon for visual distinction
+- Deleting a category moves its items to "Uncategorized" default category
+- Step-by-step onboarding wizard for first-time users (guides through: create first category, add first item)
+- Cards should feel clean and minimal -- "light and airy" aesthetic
+- Item info displayed as tag-style chips (compact, scannable)
+- Category picker works like a combobox: type to search, select existing, or create new inline
+- Photos on cards are important for visual identification even in v1
+
+### Claude's Discretion
+- Form layout for item add/edit panel (all fields visible vs grouped sections)
+- Loading states and skeleton design
+- Exact spacing, typography, and Tailwind styling choices
+- Error state handling and validation feedback
+- Weight unit storage (grams internally, display in user's preferred unit can be deferred to v2)
+
+### Deferred Ideas (OUT OF SCOPE)
+- Subcategories (e.g. "Bags" -> "Handlebar Bag")
+- Full photo management is v2 (basic image upload for cards IS in scope)
+
+
+
+
+
+## Phase Requirements
+
+| ID | Description | Research Support |
+|----|-------------|-----------------|
+| COLL-01 | User can add gear items with name, weight, price, category, notes, and product link | Drizzle schema for items table, Hono POST endpoint, React slide-out panel with Zod-validated form, image upload to local filesystem |
+| COLL-02 | User can edit and delete gear items | Hono PUT/DELETE endpoints, same slide-out panel pre-filled for edit, confirmation dialog for delete, image cleanup on item delete |
+| COLL-03 | User can organize items into user-defined categories | Separate categories table with emoji field, combobox category picker, category CRUD endpoints, "Uncategorized" default category, reassignment on category delete |
+| COLL-04 | User can see automatic weight and cost totals by category and overall | SQL SUM aggregates via Drizzle, computed on read (never cached), sticky totals bar component, per-category subtotals in group headers |
+
+
+
+## Standard Stack
+
+### Core
+| Library | Version | Purpose | Why Standard |
+|---------|---------|---------|--------------|
+| Bun | 1.3.x | Runtime, package manager | Built-in SQLite, native TS, fast installs |
+| React | 19.2.x | UI framework | Locked in CONTEXT.md |
+| Vite | 8.x | Frontend dev server + production builds | Required by TanStack Router plugin for file-based routing |
+| Hono | 4.12.x | Backend API framework | Web Standards, first-class Bun support, tiny footprint |
+| Drizzle ORM | 0.45.x | Database ORM + migrations | Type-safe SQL, native bun:sqlite driver, built-in migration tooling |
+| Tailwind CSS | 4.2.x | Styling | CSS-native config, auto content detection, microsecond incremental builds |
+| TanStack Router | 1.x | Client-side routing | Type-safe routing with file-based route generation via Vite plugin |
+| TanStack Query | 5.x | Server state management | Handles fetching, caching, cache invalidation on mutations |
+| Zustand | 5.x | Client state management | UI state: panel open/close, active filters, onboarding step |
+| Zod | 4.x | Schema validation | Shared between client forms and Hono API validation. Zod 4 confirmed compatible with @hono/zod-validator (PR #1173, May 2025) |
+| TypeScript | 5.x | Type safety | Bun transpiles natively, required by Drizzle and TanStack Router |
+
+### Supporting
+| Library | Version | Purpose | When to Use |
+|---------|---------|---------|-------------|
+| @tanstack/router-plugin | latest | Vite plugin for file-based routing | Required in vite.config.ts, must be listed BEFORE @vitejs/plugin-react |
+| @hono/zod-validator | 0.7.6+ | Request validation middleware | Validate API request bodies/params using Zod schemas |
+| drizzle-kit | latest | DB migrations CLI | `bunx drizzle-kit generate` and `bunx drizzle-kit push` for schema changes |
+| clsx | 2.x | Conditional class names | Building components with variant styles |
+| @vitejs/plugin-react | latest (Vite 8 compatible) | React HMR/JSX | Required in vite.config.ts for Fast Refresh |
+| @tailwindcss/vite | latest | Tailwind Vite plugin | Required in vite.config.ts for Tailwind v4 |
+| @biomejs/biome | latest | Linter + formatter | Single tool replacing ESLint + Prettier |
+
+### Alternatives Considered
+| Instead of | Could Use | Tradeoff |
+|------------|-----------|----------|
+| Vite + Hono | Bun fullstack (HTML entrypoints) | Bun fullstack is simpler but incompatible with TanStack Router file-based routing which requires the Vite plugin |
+| Zod 4.x | Zod 3.23.x | No need to pin -- @hono/zod-validator supports Zod 4 as of May 2025 |
+| Separate categories table | Category as text field on items | Text field cannot store emoji/icon, cannot rename without updating all items, cannot enforce "Uncategorized" default cleanly |
+
+**Installation:**
+```bash
+# Initialize
+bun init
+
+# Core frontend
+bun add react react-dom @tanstack/react-router @tanstack/react-query zustand zod clsx
+
+# Core backend
+bun add hono @hono/zod-validator drizzle-orm
+
+# Styling
+bun add tailwindcss @tailwindcss/vite
+
+# Build tooling
+bun add -d vite @vitejs/plugin-react @tanstack/router-plugin typescript @types/react @types/react-dom
+
+# Database tooling
+bun add -d drizzle-kit
+
+# Linting + formatting
+bun add -d @biomejs/biome
+
+# Dev tools
+bun add -d @tanstack/react-query-devtools @tanstack/react-router-devtools
+```
+
+## Architecture Patterns
+
+### Recommended Project Structure
+```
+src/
+ client/ # React SPA (Vite entry point)
+ routes/ # TanStack Router file-based routes
+ __root.tsx # Root layout with sticky totals bar
+ index.tsx # Collection page (default route)
+ components/ # Shared UI components
+ ItemCard.tsx # Gear item card with chips
+ CategoryHeader.tsx # Category group header with subtotals
+ SlideOutPanel.tsx # Right slide-out panel for add/edit
+ CategoryPicker.tsx # Combobox: search, select, or create category
+ TotalsBar.tsx # Sticky global totals bar
+ OnboardingWizard.tsx # First-run step-by-step guide
+ ConfirmDialog.tsx # Delete confirmation
+ hooks/ # TanStack Query hooks
+ useItems.ts # CRUD operations for items
+ useCategories.ts # CRUD operations for categories
+ useTotals.ts # Aggregate totals query
+ stores/ # Zustand stores
+ uiStore.ts # Panel state, onboarding state
+ lib/ # Client utilities
+ api.ts # Fetch wrapper for API calls
+ formatters.ts # Weight/cost display formatting
+ server/ # Hono API server
+ index.ts # Hono app instance, route registration
+ routes/ # API route handlers
+ items.ts # /api/items CRUD
+ categories.ts # /api/categories CRUD
+ totals.ts # /api/totals aggregates
+ images.ts # /api/images upload
+ services/ # Business logic
+ item.service.ts # Item CRUD logic
+ category.service.ts # Category management with reassignment
+ db/ # Database layer
+ schema.ts # Drizzle table definitions
+ index.ts # Database connection singleton (WAL mode, foreign keys)
+ seed.ts # Seed "Uncategorized" default category
+ migrations/ # Drizzle Kit generated migrations
+ shared/ # Zod schemas shared between client and server
+ schemas.ts # Item, category validation schemas
+ types.ts # Inferred TypeScript types
+public/ # Static assets
+uploads/ # Gear photos (gitignored)
+index.html # Vite SPA entry point
+vite.config.ts # Vite + TanStack Router plugin + Tailwind plugin
+drizzle.config.ts # Drizzle Kit config
+```
+
+### Pattern 1: Vite Frontend + Hono Backend (Dev Proxy)
+**What:** Vite runs the frontend dev server with HMR. Hono runs on Bun as the API server on a separate port. Vite's `server.proxy` forwards `/api/*` to Hono. In production, Hono serves Vite's built output as static files.
+**When to use:** When TanStack Router (or any Vite plugin) is required for the frontend.
+**Example:**
+```typescript
+// vite.config.ts
+import { defineConfig } from "vite";
+import react from "@vitejs/plugin-react";
+import tailwindcss from "@tailwindcss/vite";
+import { tanstackRouter } from "@tanstack/router-plugin/vite";
+
+export default defineConfig({
+ plugins: [
+ tanstackRouter({ target: "react", autoCodeSplitting: true }),
+ react(),
+ tailwindcss(),
+ ],
+ server: {
+ proxy: {
+ "/api": "http://localhost:3000",
+ "/uploads": "http://localhost:3000",
+ },
+ },
+ build: {
+ outDir: "dist/client",
+ },
+});
+```
+
+```typescript
+// src/server/index.ts
+import { Hono } from "hono";
+import { serveStatic } from "hono/bun";
+import { itemRoutes } from "./routes/items";
+import { categoryRoutes } from "./routes/categories";
+
+const app = new Hono();
+
+// API routes
+app.route("/api/items", itemRoutes);
+app.route("/api/categories", categoryRoutes);
+
+// Serve uploaded images
+app.use("/uploads/*", serveStatic({ root: "./" }));
+
+// Serve Vite-built SPA in production
+if (process.env.NODE_ENV === "production") {
+ app.use("/*", serveStatic({ root: "./dist/client" }));
+ app.get("*", serveStatic({ path: "./dist/client/index.html" }));
+}
+
+export default { port: 3000, fetch: app.fetch };
+```
+
+### Pattern 2: Categories as a First-Class Table
+**What:** Categories are a separate table with id, name, and emoji fields. Items reference categories via foreign key. An "Uncategorized" category with a known ID (1) is seeded on DB init.
+**When to use:** When categories need independent properties (emoji/icon), rename support, and delete-with-reassignment.
+**Example:**
+```typescript
+// db/schema.ts
+import { sqliteTable, text, integer, real } from "drizzle-orm/sqlite-core";
+
+export const categories = sqliteTable("categories", {
+ id: integer("id").primaryKey({ autoIncrement: true }),
+ name: text("name").notNull().unique(),
+ emoji: text("emoji").notNull().default("📦"),
+ createdAt: integer("created_at", { mode: "timestamp" }).notNull()
+ .$defaultFn(() => new Date()),
+});
+
+export const items = sqliteTable("items", {
+ id: integer("id").primaryKey({ autoIncrement: true }),
+ name: text("name").notNull(),
+ weightGrams: real("weight_grams"),
+ priceCents: integer("price_cents"),
+ categoryId: integer("category_id").notNull().references(() => categories.id),
+ notes: text("notes"),
+ productUrl: text("product_url"),
+ imageFilename: text("image_filename"),
+ createdAt: integer("created_at", { mode: "timestamp" }).notNull()
+ .$defaultFn(() => new Date()),
+ updatedAt: integer("updated_at", { mode: "timestamp" }).notNull()
+ .$defaultFn(() => new Date()),
+});
+```
+
+### Pattern 3: Slide-Out Panel with Shared Component
+**What:** A single `SlideOutPanel` component serves both add and edit flows. When adding, fields are empty. When editing, fields are pre-filled from the existing item. The panel slides in from the right, overlaying (not replacing) the collection view.
+**When to use:** Per CONTEXT.md locked decision.
+**State management:**
+```typescript
+// stores/uiStore.ts
+import { create } from "zustand";
+
+interface UIState {
+ panelMode: "closed" | "add" | "edit";
+ editingItemId: number | null;
+ openAddPanel: () => void;
+ openEditPanel: (itemId: number) => void;
+ closePanel: () => void;
+}
+
+export const useUIStore = create((set) => ({
+ panelMode: "closed",
+ editingItemId: null,
+ openAddPanel: () => set({ panelMode: "add", editingItemId: null }),
+ openEditPanel: (itemId) => set({ panelMode: "edit", editingItemId: itemId }),
+ closePanel: () => set({ panelMode: "closed", editingItemId: null }),
+}));
+```
+
+### Pattern 4: Computed Totals (Never Cached)
+**What:** Weight and cost totals are computed on every read via SQL aggregates. Never store totals as columns.
+**Why:** Avoids stale data bugs when items are added, edited, or deleted.
+**Example:**
+```typescript
+// server/services/item.service.ts
+import { db } from "../../db";
+import { items, categories } from "../../db/schema";
+import { eq, sql } from "drizzle-orm";
+
+export function getCategoryTotals() {
+ return db
+ .select({
+ categoryId: items.categoryId,
+ categoryName: categories.name,
+ categoryEmoji: categories.emoji,
+ totalWeight: sql`COALESCE(SUM(${items.weightGrams}), 0)`,
+ totalCost: sql`COALESCE(SUM(${items.priceCents}), 0)`,
+ itemCount: sql`COUNT(*)`,
+ })
+ .from(items)
+ .innerJoin(categories, eq(items.categoryId, categories.id))
+ .groupBy(items.categoryId)
+ .all();
+}
+
+export function getGlobalTotals() {
+ return db
+ .select({
+ totalWeight: sql`COALESCE(SUM(${items.weightGrams}), 0)`,
+ totalCost: sql`COALESCE(SUM(${items.priceCents}), 0)`,
+ itemCount: sql`COUNT(*)`,
+ })
+ .from(items)
+ .get();
+}
+```
+
+### Anti-Patterns to Avoid
+- **Storing money as floats:** Use integer cents (`priceCents`). Format to dollars only in the display layer. `0.1 + 0.2 !== 0.3` in JavaScript.
+- **Category as a text field on items:** Cannot store emoji, cannot rename without updating all items, cannot enforce default category on delete.
+- **Caching totals in the database:** Always compute from source data. SQLite SUM() over hundreds of items is sub-millisecond.
+- **Absolute paths for images:** Store relative paths only (`uploads/{filename}`). Absolute paths break on deployment or directory changes.
+- **Requiring all fields to add an item:** Only require `name`. Weight, price, category, etc. should be optional. Users fill in details over time.
+
+## Don't Hand-Roll
+
+| Problem | Don't Build | Use Instead | Why |
+|---------|-------------|-------------|-----|
+| Database migrations | Custom SQL scripts | Drizzle Kit (`drizzle-kit generate/push`) | Migration ordering, conflict detection, rollback support |
+| Form validation | Manual if/else checks | Zod schemas shared between client and server | Single source of truth, type inference, consistent error messages |
+| API data fetching/caching | useState + useEffect + fetch | TanStack Query hooks | Handles loading/error states, cache invalidation, refetching, deduplication |
+| Combobox/autocomplete | Custom input with dropdown | Headless UI pattern (build from primitives with proper ARIA) or a lightweight combobox library | Keyboard navigation, screen reader support, focus management are deceptively hard |
+| Slide-out panel animation | CSS transitions from scratch | Tailwind `transition-transform` + `translate-x` utilities | Consistent timing, GPU-accelerated, respects prefers-reduced-motion |
+| Image resizing on upload | Custom canvas manipulation | Sharp library or accept-and-store (resize deferred to v2) | Sharp handles EXIF rotation, format conversion, memory management |
+
+**Key insight:** For Phase 1, defer image resizing/thumbnailing. Accept and store the uploaded image as-is. Thumbnail generation can be added in v2 without schema changes (imageFilename stays the same, just generate a thumb variant).
+
+## Common Pitfalls
+
+### Pitfall 1: Bun Fullstack vs Vite Confusion
+**What goes wrong:** Attempting to use Bun's native `Bun.serve()` with HTML entrypoints AND TanStack Router, which requires Vite's build pipeline.
+**Why it happens:** Bun's fullstack dev server is compelling but incompatible with TanStack Router's file-based routing Vite plugin.
+**How to avoid:** Use Vite for frontend (with TanStack Router plugin). Use Hono on Bun for backend. Connect via Vite proxy in dev, static file serving in prod.
+**Warning signs:** Import errors from `@tanstack/router-plugin/vite`, missing route tree generation file.
+
+### Pitfall 2: Category Delete Without Reassignment
+**What goes wrong:** Deleting a category with foreign key constraints either fails (FK violation) or cascades (deletes all items in that category).
+**Why it happens:** Using `ON DELETE CASCADE` or not handling FK constraints at all.
+**How to avoid:** Before deleting a category, reassign all its items to the "Uncategorized" default category (id=1). Then delete. This is a two-step transaction.
+**Warning signs:** FK constraint errors on category delete, or silent item deletion.
+
+### Pitfall 3: Onboarding State Persistence
+**What goes wrong:** User completes onboarding, refreshes the page, and sees the wizard again.
+**Why it happens:** Storing onboarding completion state only in Zustand (memory). State is lost on page refresh.
+**How to avoid:** Store `onboardingComplete` as a flag in SQLite (a simple `settings` table or a dedicated endpoint). Check on app load.
+**Warning signs:** Onboarding wizard appears on every fresh page load.
+
+### Pitfall 4: Image Upload Without Cleanup
+**What goes wrong:** Deleting an item leaves its image file on disk. Over time, orphaned images accumulate.
+**Why it happens:** DELETE endpoint removes the DB record but forgets to unlink the file.
+**How to avoid:** In the item delete service, check `imageFilename`, unlink the file from `uploads/` before or after DB delete. Wrap in try/catch -- file missing is not an error worth failing the delete over.
+**Warning signs:** `uploads/` directory grows larger than expected, files with no matching item records.
+
+### Pitfall 5: TanStack Router Plugin Order in Vite Config
+**What goes wrong:** File-based routes are not generated, `routeTree.gen.ts` is missing or stale.
+**Why it happens:** TanStack Router plugin must be listed BEFORE `@vitejs/plugin-react` in the Vite plugins array.
+**How to avoid:** Always order: `tanstackRouter()`, then `react()`, then `tailwindcss()`.
+**Warning signs:** Missing `routeTree.gen.ts`, type errors on route imports.
+
+### Pitfall 6: Forgetting PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON
+**What goes wrong:** Foreign key constraints between items and categories are silently ignored. Items can reference non-existent categories.
+**Why it happens:** SQLite has foreign key support but it is OFF by default. Must be enabled per connection.
+**How to avoid:** Run `PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON` immediately after opening the database connection, before any queries.
+**Warning signs:** Items with categoryId pointing to deleted categories, no errors on invalid inserts.
+
+## Code Examples
+
+### Database Connection Singleton
+```typescript
+// src/db/index.ts
+import { Database } from "bun:sqlite";
+import { drizzle } from "drizzle-orm/bun-sqlite";
+import * as schema from "./schema";
+
+const sqlite = new Database("gearbox.db");
+sqlite.run("PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL");
+sqlite.run("PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON");
+
+export const db = drizzle(sqlite, { schema });
+```
+
+### Drizzle Config
+```typescript
+// drizzle.config.ts
+import { defineConfig } from "drizzle-kit";
+
+export default defineConfig({
+ out: "./drizzle",
+ schema: "./src/db/schema.ts",
+ dialect: "sqlite",
+ dbCredentials: {
+ url: "gearbox.db",
+ },
+});
+```
+
+### Shared Zod Schemas
+```typescript
+// src/shared/schemas.ts
+import { z } from "zod";
+
+export const createItemSchema = z.object({
+ name: z.string().min(1, "Name is required"),
+ weightGrams: z.number().nonnegative().optional(),
+ priceCents: z.number().int().nonnegative().optional(),
+ categoryId: z.number().int().positive(),
+ notes: z.string().optional(),
+ productUrl: z.string().url().optional().or(z.literal("")),
+});
+
+export const updateItemSchema = createItemSchema.partial().extend({
+ id: z.number().int().positive(),
+});
+
+export const createCategorySchema = z.object({
+ name: z.string().min(1, "Category name is required"),
+ emoji: z.string().min(1).max(4).default("📦"),
+});
+
+export const updateCategorySchema = z.object({
+ id: z.number().int().positive(),
+ name: z.string().min(1).optional(),
+ emoji: z.string().min(1).max(4).optional(),
+});
+
+export type CreateItem = z.infer;
+export type UpdateItem = z.infer;
+export type CreateCategory = z.infer;
+```
+
+### Hono Item Routes with Zod Validation
+```typescript
+// src/server/routes/items.ts
+import { Hono } from "hono";
+import { zValidator } from "@hono/zod-validator";
+import { createItemSchema, updateItemSchema } from "../../shared/schemas";
+import { db } from "../../db";
+import { items } from "../../db/schema";
+import { eq } from "drizzle-orm";
+
+const app = new Hono();
+
+app.get("/", async (c) => {
+ const allItems = db.select().from(items).all();
+ return c.json(allItems);
+});
+
+app.post("/", zValidator("json", createItemSchema), async (c) => {
+ const data = c.req.valid("json");
+ const result = db.insert(items).values(data).returning().get();
+ return c.json(result, 201);
+});
+
+app.put("/:id", zValidator("json", updateItemSchema), async (c) => {
+ const id = Number(c.req.param("id"));
+ const data = c.req.valid("json");
+ const result = db.update(items).set({ ...data, updatedAt: new Date() })
+ .where(eq(items.id, id)).returning().get();
+ if (!result) return c.json({ error: "Item not found" }, 404);
+ return c.json(result);
+});
+
+app.delete("/:id", async (c) => {
+ const id = Number(c.req.param("id"));
+ // Clean up image file if exists
+ const item = db.select().from(items).where(eq(items.id, id)).get();
+ if (!item) return c.json({ error: "Item not found" }, 404);
+ if (item.imageFilename) {
+ try { await Bun.file(`uploads/${item.imageFilename}`).exists() &&
+ await Bun.$`rm uploads/${item.imageFilename}`; } catch {}
+ }
+ db.delete(items).where(eq(items.id, id)).run();
+ return c.json({ success: true });
+});
+
+export { app as itemRoutes };
+```
+
+### TanStack Query Hook for Items
+```typescript
+// src/client/hooks/useItems.ts
+import { useQuery, useMutation, useQueryClient } from "@tanstack/react-query";
+import type { CreateItem, UpdateItem } from "../../shared/schemas";
+
+const API = "/api/items";
+
+export function useItems() {
+ return useQuery({
+ queryKey: ["items"],
+ queryFn: async () => {
+ const res = await fetch(API);
+ if (!res.ok) throw new Error("Failed to fetch items");
+ return res.json();
+ },
+ });
+}
+
+export function useCreateItem() {
+ const queryClient = useQueryClient();
+ return useMutation({
+ mutationFn: async (data: CreateItem) => {
+ const res = await fetch(API, {
+ method: "POST",
+ headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+ body: JSON.stringify(data),
+ });
+ if (!res.ok) throw new Error("Failed to create item");
+ return res.json();
+ },
+ onSuccess: () => {
+ queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["items"] });
+ queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["totals"] });
+ },
+ });
+}
+```
+
+### Seed Default Category
+```typescript
+// src/db/seed.ts
+import { db } from "./index";
+import { categories } from "./schema";
+
+export function seedDefaults() {
+ const existing = db.select().from(categories).all();
+ if (existing.length === 0) {
+ db.insert(categories).values({
+ name: "Uncategorized",
+ emoji: "📦",
+ }).run();
+ }
+}
+```
+
+## State of the Art
+
+| Old Approach | Current Approach | When Changed | Impact |
+|--------------|------------------|--------------|--------|
+| Zod 3.x + @hono/zod-validator | Zod 4.x fully supported | May 2025 (PR #1173) | No need to pin Zod 3.x. Resolves STATE.md blocker. |
+| Tailwind config via JS | Tailwind v4 CSS-native config | Jan 2025 | No tailwind.config.js file. Theme defined in CSS via @theme directive. |
+| Vite 7 (esbuild/Rollup) | Vite 8 (Rolldown-based) | 2025 | 5-30x faster builds. Same config API. |
+| React Router v6/v7 | TanStack Router v1 | 2024 | Type-safe params, file-based routes, better SPA experience |
+| bun:sqlite manual SQL | Drizzle ORM 0.45.x | Ongoing | Type-safe queries, migration tooling, schema-as-code |
+
+**Deprecated/outdated:**
+- `tailwind.config.js`: Use CSS `@theme` directive in Tailwind v4
+- `better-sqlite3`: Use `bun:sqlite` (built-in, 3-6x faster)
+- Vite `server.proxy` syntax: Verify correct format for Vite 8 (string shorthand still works)
+
+## Open Questions
+
+1. **Image upload size limit and accepted formats**
+ - What we know: CONTEXT.md says photos on cards are important for visual identification
+ - What's unclear: Maximum file size, accepted formats (jpg/png/webp), whether to resize on upload or defer to v2
+ - Recommendation: Accept jpg/png/webp up to 5MB. Store as-is in `uploads/`. Defer resizing/thumbnailing to v2. Use `object-fit: cover` in CSS for consistent card display.
+
+2. **Onboarding wizard scope**
+ - What we know: Step-by-step guide through "create first category, add first item"
+ - What's unclear: Exact number of steps, whether it is a modal overlay or a full-page takeover
+ - Recommendation: 2-3 step modal overlay. Step 1: Welcome + create first category (with emoji picker). Step 2: Add first item to that category. Step 3: Done, show collection. Store completion flag in a `settings` table.
+
+3. **Weight input UX**
+ - What we know: Store grams internally. Display unit deferred to v2.
+ - What's unclear: Should the input field accept grams only, or allow free-text with unit suffix?
+ - Recommendation: For v1, use a numeric input labeled "Weight (g)". Clean and simple. V2 adds unit selector.
+
+## Validation Architecture
+
+### Test Framework
+| Property | Value |
+|----------|-------|
+| Framework | Bun test runner (built-in, Jest-compatible API) |
+| Config file | None needed (Bun detects test files automatically) |
+| Quick run command | `bun test --bail` |
+| Full suite command | `bun test` |
+
+### Phase Requirements -> Test Map
+| Req ID | Behavior | Test Type | Automated Command | File Exists? |
+|--------|----------|-----------|-------------------|-------------|
+| COLL-01 | Create item with all fields | unit | `bun test tests/services/item.service.test.ts -t "create"` | No - Wave 0 |
+| COLL-01 | POST /api/items validates input | integration | `bun test tests/routes/items.test.ts -t "create"` | No - Wave 0 |
+| COLL-02 | Update item fields | unit | `bun test tests/services/item.service.test.ts -t "update"` | No - Wave 0 |
+| COLL-02 | Delete item cleans up image | unit | `bun test tests/services/item.service.test.ts -t "delete"` | No - Wave 0 |
+| COLL-03 | Create/rename/delete category | unit | `bun test tests/services/category.service.test.ts` | No - Wave 0 |
+| COLL-03 | Delete category reassigns items to Uncategorized | unit | `bun test tests/services/category.service.test.ts -t "reassign"` | No - Wave 0 |
+| COLL-04 | Compute per-category totals | unit | `bun test tests/services/totals.test.ts -t "category"` | No - Wave 0 |
+| COLL-04 | Compute global totals | unit | `bun test tests/services/totals.test.ts -t "global"` | No - Wave 0 |
+
+### Sampling Rate
+- **Per task commit:** `bun test --bail`
+- **Per wave merge:** `bun test`
+- **Phase gate:** Full suite green before `/gsd:verify-work`
+
+### Wave 0 Gaps
+- [ ] `tests/services/item.service.test.ts` -- covers COLL-01, COLL-02
+- [ ] `tests/services/category.service.test.ts` -- covers COLL-03
+- [ ] `tests/services/totals.test.ts` -- covers COLL-04
+- [ ] `tests/routes/items.test.ts` -- integration tests for item API endpoints
+- [ ] `tests/routes/categories.test.ts` -- integration tests for category API endpoints
+- [ ] `tests/helpers/db.ts` -- shared test helper: in-memory SQLite instance with migrations applied
+- [ ] Biome config: `bunx @biomejs/biome init`
+
+## Sources
+
+### Primary (HIGH confidence)
+- [Bun fullstack dev server docs](https://bun.com/docs/bundler/fullstack) -- HTML entrypoints, Bun.serve() route config
+- [Hono + Bun getting started](https://hono.dev/docs/getting-started/bun) -- fetch handler pattern, static file serving
+- [Drizzle ORM + bun:sqlite setup](https://orm.drizzle.team/docs/get-started/bun-sqlite-new) -- schema, config, migrations
+- [TanStack Router + Vite installation](https://tanstack.com/router/v1/docs/framework/react/installation/with-vite) -- plugin setup, file-based routing config
+- [@hono/zod-validator Zod 4 support](https://github.com/honojs/middleware/issues/1148) -- PR #1173 merged May 2025, confirmed working
+
+### Secondary (MEDIUM confidence)
+- [Bun + React + Hono full-stack pattern](https://dev.to/falconz/serving-a-react-app-and-hono-api-together-with-bun-1gfg) -- project structure, proxy/static serving pattern
+- [Tailwind CSS v4 blog](https://tailwindcss.com/blog/tailwindcss-v4) -- CSS-native config, @theme directive
+
+### Tertiary (LOW confidence)
+- Image upload best practices for Bun -- needs validation during implementation (file size limits, multipart handling)
+
+## Metadata
+
+**Confidence breakdown:**
+- Standard stack: HIGH -- all libraries verified via official docs, version compatibility confirmed, Zod 4 blocker resolved
+- Architecture: HIGH -- Vite + Hono pattern well-documented, TanStack Router plugin requirement verified
+- Pitfalls: HIGH -- drawn from PITFALLS.md research and verified against stack specifics
+- Database schema: HIGH -- Drizzle + bun:sqlite pattern verified via official docs
+
+**Research date:** 2026-03-14
+**Valid until:** 2026-04-14 (stable ecosystem, no fast-moving dependencies)