#!/bin/bash
# ============================================================
# PRACTICE EXAM SETUP SCRIPT
# Betriebssysteme und Netzwerke - 45 Minute Practice Test
# ============================================================
# This script sets up a server environment with multiple services
# for students to practice system administration troubleshooting
# ============================================================
set -e
# Colors for output
RED='\033[0;31m'
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
BLUE='\033[0;34m'
NC='\033[0m' # No Color
print_status() {
echo -e "${BLUE}[*]${NC} $1"
}
print_success() {
echo -e "${GREEN}[✓]${NC} $1"
}
print_warning() {
echo -e "${YELLOW}[!]${NC} $1"
}
print_error() {
echo -e "${RED}[✗]${NC} $1"
}
# Check if running as root
if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
print_error "This script must be run as root (use sudo)"
exit 1
fi
echo ""
echo "============================================================"
echo " PRACTICE EXAM ENVIRONMENT SETUP"
echo " Betriebssysteme und Netzwerke"
echo "============================================================"
echo ""
# ============================================================
# STEP 1: Install required packages
# ============================================================
print_status "Updating package lists..."
apt-get update -qq
print_status "Installing required packages..."
apt-get install -y -qq nginx mysql-server php-fpm php-mysql docker.io docker-compose ufw curl > /dev/null 2>&1
print_success "Packages installed"
# ============================================================
# STEP 2: Configure Nginx - Website 1 (company.local)
# ============================================================
print_status "Setting up company.local website..."
# Create website directory
mkdir -p /var/www/company
cat > /var/www/company/index.html << 'EOF'
Company Portal
Company Portal
Status: Online
Welcome to the internal company portal.
EOF
# Set correct permissions
chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/company
chmod -R 755 /var/www/company
# Create Nginx config
cat > /etc/nginx/sites-available/company.local << 'EOF'
server {
listen 80;
server_name company.local;
root /var/www/company;
index index.html;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
}
error_log /var/log/nginx/company_error.log;
access_log /var/log/nginx/company_access.log;
}
EOF
# Enable site
ln -sf /etc/nginx/sites-available/company.local /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
print_success "company.local configured"
# ============================================================
# STEP 3: Configure Nginx - Website 2 (shop.local)
# ============================================================
print_status "Setting up shop.local website..."
# Create website directory
mkdir -p /var/www/shop
cat > /var/www/shop/index.html << 'EOF'
Online Shop
Online Shop
Status: Online
Browse our products and enjoy shopping!
EOF
# Set correct permissions
chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/shop
chmod -R 755 /var/www/shop
# Create Nginx config
cat > /etc/nginx/sites-available/shop.local << 'EOF'
server {
listen 80;
server_name shop.local www.shop.local;
root /var/www/shop;
index index.html;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
}
error_log /var/log/nginx/shop_error.log;
access_log /var/log/nginx/shop_access.log;
}
EOF
# Enable site
ln -sf /etc/nginx/sites-available/shop.local /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
print_success "shop.local configured"
# ============================================================
# STEP 4: Configure PHP-FPM API (api.local:8080)
# ============================================================
print_status "Setting up PHP API on api.local..."
# Create API directory
mkdir -p /var/www/api
cat > /var/www/api/index.php << 'EOF'
'success',
'message' => 'API is running',
'timestamp' => date('Y-m-d H:i:s'),
'server' => 'Practice Exam Server',
'endpoints' => [
'/health' => 'Health check',
'/info' => 'Server information'
]
];
echo json_encode($response, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT);
?>
EOF
cat > /var/www/api/health.php << 'EOF'
'healthy', 'uptime' => shell_exec('uptime -p')]);
?>
EOF
# Set permissions
chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/api
chmod -R 755 /var/www/api
# Detect PHP-FPM version
PHP_VERSION=$(php -r "echo PHP_MAJOR_VERSION.'.'.PHP_MINOR_VERSION;")
# Create API Nginx config
cat > /etc/nginx/sites-available/api.local << EOF
server {
listen 8080;
server_name api.local;
root /var/www/api;
index index.php;
location / {
try_files \$uri \$uri/ =404;
}
location ~ \.php\$ {
include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php${PHP_VERSION}-fpm.sock;
}
error_log /var/log/nginx/api_error.log;
access_log /var/log/nginx/api_access.log;
}
EOF
# Enable site
ln -sf /etc/nginx/sites-available/api.local /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
print_success "api.local configured on port 8080"
# ============================================================
# STEP 5: Configure MySQL Database
# ============================================================
print_status "Setting up MySQL database..."
# Start MySQL if not running
systemctl start mysql
systemctl enable mysql
# Create database and user
mysql -e "CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS practicedb;"
mysql -e "CREATE USER IF NOT EXISTS 'webuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'WebPass123!';"
mysql -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON practicedb.* TO 'webuser'@'localhost';"
mysql -e "FLUSH PRIVILEGES;"
# Create test table with data
mysql practicedb << 'EOF'
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS products (
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
price DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL,
stock INT DEFAULT 0,
created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);
INSERT IGNORE INTO products (id, name, price, stock) VALUES
(1, 'Laptop', 999.99, 50),
(2, 'Mouse', 29.99, 200),
(3, 'Keyboard', 79.99, 150),
(4, 'Monitor', 299.99, 75);
EOF
print_success "MySQL database 'practicedb' configured"
# ============================================================
# STEP 6: Configure Docker Application
# ============================================================
print_status "Setting up Docker application..."
# Start and enable Docker
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker
# Create Docker app directory
mkdir -p /opt/docker-app
cat > /opt/docker-app/docker-compose.yml << 'EOF'
version: '3'
services:
webapp:
image: nginx:alpine
container_name: practice-webapp
ports:
- "8888:80"
volumes:
- ./html:/usr/share/nginx/html:ro
restart: unless-stopped
EOF
# Create simple HTML for Docker app
mkdir -p /opt/docker-app/html
cat > /opt/docker-app/html/index.html << 'EOF'
Docker App
Docker Application
Running in a container on port 8888
EOF
# Start Docker container
cd /opt/docker-app
docker-compose up -d
print_success "Docker application started on port 8888"
# ============================================================
# STEP 7: Configure Firewall (UFW)
# ============================================================
print_status "Configuring firewall..."
# Reset UFW to defaults
ufw --force reset > /dev/null 2>&1
# Set default policies
ufw default deny incoming > /dev/null 2>&1
ufw default allow outgoing > /dev/null 2>&1
# Allow required ports
ufw allow 22/tcp > /dev/null 2>&1 # SSH
ufw allow 80/tcp > /dev/null 2>&1 # HTTP
ufw allow 8080/tcp > /dev/null 2>&1 # API
ufw allow 8888/tcp > /dev/null 2>&1 # Docker app
ufw allow 3306/tcp > /dev/null 2>&1 # MySQL (local)
# Enable firewall
ufw --force enable > /dev/null 2>&1
print_success "Firewall configured"
# ============================================================
# STEP 8: Configure /etc/hosts
# ============================================================
print_status "Configuring DNS entries in /etc/hosts..."
# Remove old entries if they exist
sed -i '/company\.local/d' /etc/hosts
sed -i '/shop\.local/d' /etc/hosts
sed -i '/api\.local/d' /etc/hosts
# Add new entries
echo "127.0.0.1 company.local" >> /etc/hosts
echo "127.0.0.1 shop.local" >> /etc/hosts
echo "127.0.0.1 www.shop.local" >> /etc/hosts
echo "127.0.0.1 api.local" >> /etc/hosts
print_success "/etc/hosts configured"
# ============================================================
# STEP 9: Start and enable services
# ============================================================
print_status "Starting all services..."
# Enable and start PHP-FPM
systemctl enable php${PHP_VERSION}-fpm
systemctl start php${PHP_VERSION}-fpm
# Test and reload Nginx
nginx -t > /dev/null 2>&1
systemctl enable nginx
systemctl restart nginx
print_success "All services started"
# ============================================================
# FINAL: Verification
# ============================================================
echo ""
echo "============================================================"
echo " SETUP COMPLETE"
echo "============================================================"
echo ""
print_status "Verifying services..."
echo ""
# Test each service
echo "Testing services:"
echo ""
# Test company.local
if curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" http://company.local 2>/dev/null | grep -q "200"; then
print_success "company.local → OK (HTTP 200)"
else
print_error "company.local → FAILED"
fi
# Test shop.local
if curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" http://shop.local 2>/dev/null | grep -q "200"; then
print_success "shop.local → OK (HTTP 200)"
else
print_error "shop.local → FAILED"
fi
# Test API
if curl -s http://api.local:8080 2>/dev/null | grep -q "success"; then
print_success "api.local:8080 → OK (JSON response)"
else
print_error "api.local:8080 → FAILED"
fi
# Test Docker app
if curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" http://localhost:8888 2>/dev/null | grep -q "200"; then
print_success "Docker app :8888 → OK (HTTP 200)"
else
print_error "Docker app :8888 → FAILED"
fi
# Test MySQL
if mysql -u webuser -p'WebPass123!' practicedb -e "SELECT 1;" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
print_success "MySQL database → OK (Connection successful)"
else
print_error "MySQL database → FAILED"
fi
echo ""
echo "============================================================"
echo "Server is ready for the practice exam!"
echo ""
echo "Available services:"
echo " - http://company.local (Company Portal)"
echo " - http://shop.local (Online Shop)"
echo " - http://api.local:8080 (REST API)"
echo " - http://localhost:8888 (Docker App)"
echo " - MySQL: webuser@localhost (Database)"
echo ""
echo "Run 'sudo ./break_server.sh' to start the exam"
echo "============================================================"